Tuesday | 7 October, 2008
CIO
Blog: The Problem With "Chindia"
Stephanie Overby 17 October, 2007 12:23:50

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The World Is Not Flat. There. I've said it.

Personally, I've been itching to say that since 2005, when Thomas Friedman published the best-selling business tome that's been lugged around in briefcases, read in business class, and collected dust on the nightstands of executives worldwide ever since. (Side note: Any time an author turns an Indian vendor's sales pitch into a business mantra that is then swallowed whole by much of the Fortune 1000, I'm going to be a bit skeptical. Besides, wasn't Friedman a little late to the Indian outsourcing party, anyway?)

It's not that I don't believe in globalization. Globalization isn't something you have to believe in. It just is.

But it continues to amaze me the amount of irrational exuberance that's surrounds the topic. Sure, Friedman's book may have hinted at some of the complexity involved. But more often than not, when you hear an executive referencing the best-seller, it's not because he wants to engage you in a detailed discussion about the relative merits of globalization. It's more like, "The world is flat. Why don't you cut costs and send that work to India?" or "We gotta be in China. Why? The world is flat."

I'm exaggerating for effect. Mostly.

But the lack of nuance that exists, particularly in the coverage of the global IT services market (read: offshoring), is downright scary.

The big topic these days is "Chindia" -- that apparently irresistible combination of China and India. BusinessWeek recently published an article on "The Exponential Power of 'Chindia'" which said, "We are witnessing new joint ventures between Indian IT service firms and their Chinese counterparts, early illustrations of how a formidable Chindia economy could develop. Indian firms bring to the table world-class software expertise and leadership in global markets. Chinese partners have legions of capable, low-cost employees and greater know-how with clients in Japan, Korea, and other Asian countries where English is less prevalent." Gartner says everyone needs to have a "Chindia strategy" ""The bilateral economy of China and India is in its infancy, but new momentum suggests a powerful relationship is building, said Gartner VP Partha Iyengar. "China-India - Chindia' - enterprises will have access to complementary skills and resources and, in turn, will have the potential to lead many global markets."

True enough, there have been numerous joint ventures and other back-and-forth between Indian IT service firms and their Chinese counterparts. Once talk in the outsourcing industry turned to the idea that China was the Next Big Thing in technology services, the tier one Indian providers, to varying extents, put stakes in the ground almost instantly.

And it's no secret that this global expansion and integration is not limited to the powerhouses of China and India. How about Mexina (Mexico + China)? Indentina (India + Argentina)? The Ameribbean (I think you get the idea)?

It's all happening.

The sheer amount of activity is dizzying. Infosys is the big recruiter on campus, not at the Indian Institute of Technology, but at Kings College London, University College London and Warwick University. Satyam added a development center in Australia. Wipro's in Atlanta. Genpact is banging the drum about Mexico. Accenture says its new hot spot is Latin America. IBM is such a large presence in India (53,000 employees and counting), it's now the local market leader there. And, If you follow the IT services press releases they way I try to, you know I could go on... and on... and on...

The prevailing wisdom surrounding all this cross-border, often transcontinental hiring and acquiring and partnering and expanding seems to be that it represents a fulfillment of the promise of globalization. That, for IT leaders, we've arrived at a place where, as Ben Worthen of the Wall Street Journal writes, "finding an outsourcing provider is no longer an issue of choosing an Indian company or an American one. They can all do the work anywhere."

Yes, the lines are getting kind of blurry. But what gets missed (not necessarily in the media coverage itself, but in what many take away from the coverage) is the fact that all of this is just beginning. Eyes seems to gloss over words like "early stages" and "infancy." Maybe the ultimate destination is an IT services industry where anything can be done anywhere. (By anybody? Nah.) But we're not there yet. My guess is we're not even close.

Savvy IT leaders who must make decisions about global outsourcing and offshoring know this. A lot of their bosses don't.

Latest User Comments
Outsourcing needs to add value

My thought process is very much similar to the one presented here. The problems about the alignment of IT functions with other business units are well understood. IT's role as value creator and more recently as innovator means a broader role for the IT bosses and technical staff. This means they have to work closely with their colleagues from various business units in order to come up with the niche applications which can aid the business to improve its effectiveness. This needs different kind of skill-mix within the team compared to what is traditionally available. The technical minds need to have soft skills and their IT bosses need an understanding about the bigger business game in order to organize their house to match the business strategy. Coming back to the topic of discussion here, I want to submit that outsourcing to a low income economy does not automatically produces better or desirable results for the business whether it is China or India or Mexico or Brazil. I used to work for a large manufacturing company. They have significant presence on 4 continents and are a market leader globally with around 60% global market share. They had isolated IT departments scattered across the globe with little or no knowledge about each other. Few years ago the company management decided to adopt a global unified approach to market their brand more forcefully and to make use of their global synergies to propel the business. As part of this the IT adopted an ambitious transformation objective to have a single IT department where cost cutting through stream lining different projects was an important cornerstone of the policy. They agreed to use the same software, processes, networking models etc globally to reduce cost and make use of global IT human resources. At that time outsourcing was a hotly debated topic. Considering the cash flow situation of company and just like everywhere many of the top managers (non-IT) believed that outsourcing to a low cost economy (say India) would be a silver bullet solution. However the fact was that company had no business in India. They just acquired some businesses in China which they were struggling to manage. The bulk of their revenue was from North America, Europe and Asia Pacific (minus China). The R&D and innovation was conducted and initiated within mostly developed economies where the engineering talent was based. Fortunately the IT executive team realized that in order to support their businesses through IT, their analysts or consultants need to work closely with the business stake holders. This is a full time and very rigorous job requiring a lot of troubleshooting (most of the users don’t understand what they want) because of evolutionary behavior of requirements engineering. This is just one aspect of innovation being introduced through the development of the necessary software. Perhaps its easy to outsource some of the network and administration work. Some of the call centre work can be outsourced too. However in each case they had to consider that global presence of company means 24x7 operations. Where to base the data centers and contact centers decision required and understanding of all the strategic needs of the company rather than motivated from the Ch-India mantra we hear from the many industry analysts. Again it does not mean that China and India factor is not important. At the end of the day what matters are the basic economic concepts. In other words, the transaction cost of doing business need to be compared with the economic cost of doing business too.


Submitted by shoaibshaukat on 17 October 2007

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